Chickpea gram pea diseases and pests, description, uses. Keep in mind that the search is only based on the full taxon name. Liriomyza bryoniae liriomyza cicerina liriomyza huidobrensis liriomyza sativae liriomyza trifolii. Insecta, holometabola, diptera, brachycera, agromyzidae common name. Mutated populations were evaluated for resistance to fedeficiency chlorosis and leaf miner using a visual scale from m 1 to m 5 generations. Investigation on the insecticidal effect of melia azedarach l. Liriomyza langei, a new species of leafminer of economic importance in california. The four regulated species of liriomyza are all highly polyphagous with numerous different plant hosts recorded for each species. In west asia, the leaf miner liriomyza cicerina and podboring helicoverpa spp are the principal pests of chickpea, while in. Use of resistant cultivar is the economical method of control. A new distribution map is provided for liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard. Awc 612m was free from damage, while the susceptible chickpea line. Cryptic diversity hidden within the leafminer genus liriomyza.
In recent years, the serpentine leaf miner liriomyza trifolii burgess has become a major pest of cotton gossypium spp. Sampling the leafminers liriomyza sativae blanchard and liriomyza trifolii burgess diptera. General requirements chickpeas are coolseason legumes which are best grown as a winter crop in the tropics or as a spring or summer crop in temperate regions. Parasitoids of chickpea leafminer liriomyza cicerina. Pdf severity of leaf miner liriomyza cicerina rondani, 1875. The objective of this study is to address the efficacy of these compounds for controlling liriomyza while minimizing their.
Registration of awc 612m chickpea mutant germplasm line. Parasitoids require mechanisms to survive winter and summer temperatures as. Agromyzidae is an important pest on chickpea cicer arietinum l. Host plant resistance to leaf miner is one of the best control options in sustainable farming. Parasitoids require mechanisms to survive winter and summer temperatures as well as a scarcity of hosts. Since there are insufficient resistant sources in cultivated chickpea, an. Agromyzidae and their associated hymenopterous parasites in watermelon.
Department of entomology, university of hawaii at manoa. Liriomyza is a genus of leaf miner flies in the family agromyzidae. Leafminer pestgeneric incursion management plan for the. Liriomyza cicerina lirici liriomyza commelinae lirico liriomyza congesta liricn liriomyza flaveola lirifl liriomyza huidobrensis lirihu. The aim of this research was to monitor and identify the naturally occurring parasitoids of the chickpea leafminer liriomyza cicerina in insecticide free chickpeagrowing. Producers in south texas rely on insecticides as the primary management tool for leafminers, and several compounds are available. Influence of seed treatment and abiotic factors on damage to bt and nonbt cotton genotypes by the serpentine leaf miner liriomyza trifolii diptera. Liriomyza cicerina rondani 1875 affects several pulse plantations, in most temperate and tropical regions of the w orld and is a notorious pest of chickpea cicer arietinum l. The aim of this research was to monitor and identify the naturally occurring parasitoids of the chickpea leafminer liriomyza cicerina in insecticidefree chickpea. Additional alternative molecular identification pcrbased protocols employing speciesspecific. Leafminer insects of the genus liriomyza are small flies whose larvae feed on the internal tissue of some of the most important crop plants for the human diet. Contingency plan liriomyza trifolii american serpentine leafminer bundled with l.
The vegetable leafminer, liriomyza sativae blanchard, is found commonly in the southern united states from florida to california and hawaii, and in most of central and south america. Although originally limited to the new world western hemisphere, it is now is also found in many areas of asia and the midddle east. Genes free fulltext cryptic diversity hidden within. Since there are insufficient resistant sources in cultivated chickpea, an accession. Manual of the agromyzidae diptera of the united states. Leaves with mines were sampled weekly and kept in the laboratory to observe and count emerging leafminer and. Pdf cryptic diversity hidden within the leafminer genus. Screening of over 7000 germplasm accessions did not result in identification of highly resistant accessions to this insect. Nohut yaprak galeri sinegi liriomyza cicerina rond. Liriomyza bryoniae liriomyza cicerina liriomyza huidobrensis liriomyza sativae.
The larvae of this fly mine the leaves and stems of peas and a range of other vegetables. Tomato leaf miner liriomyza bryoniae chickpea leaf miner liriomyza cicerina serpentine leaf miner liriomyza huidobrensis american serpentine leaf miner liriomyza trifolii leaf miners are tiny greyish black flies whose larvae cause damage by meandering a track. Chickpea leafminer liriomyza cicerina rondani, 1875 diptera, agromyzidae a new species of czechoslovak fauna. American serpentine leafminer, liriomyza trifolii, bundled with l. Agromyzidae is a distinctive, important insect pest of chickpea cicer arietinum l. There are indications that the entity known as liriomyza huidobrensis is made up of two sibling species, one. Influence of seed treatment and abiotic factors on damage. Influence of seed treatment and abiotic factors on damage to.
Their most distinctive characteristic is a yellow spot on the back, on the scutellum figure 1, although this colour combination. Toker, c and adak, a and sari, d and sari, h and ceylan, f o and canci, h and ikten, c and erler, f and upadhyaya, h d 2019 registration of awc 612m chickpea mutant germplasm line resistant to leaf miner liriomyza cicerina. Several of these pest species are highly uniform from the morphological point of view, meaning molecular data represents the only reliable taxonomic tool useful to define cryptic boundaries. Adult liriomyza flies are all small 2 3 mm in length and, from above, are seen to be largely black with yellow areas on the head and sides. Pdf assessment of leaf miner liriomyza cicerina rond. Pdf the parasitoid complex of liriomyza cicerina on. Impact of insecticides on parasitoids of the leafminer. Agromyzidae polyphagous, main hosts include cucumber cucumis sativus, celery apium graveolens, faba bean vicia faba, potato solanum tuberosum, pea pisum sativum and spinach spinacia oleracea. National priority plant pests 2019 department of agriculture. Identification of resistant sources in cicer species to. There are at least 410 described species in liriomyza. Biological aspects of the leafminer liriomyza sativae diptera. General information about liriomyza huidobrensis lirihu eppo global database. Desi chickpeas have a thick, colored seed coat and the surface of the seed is rough and angular whereas the kabuli type have white or beige seeds with a.
Liriomyza huidobrensis lirihuoverview eppo global database. Ilc 3397 had numerous mines in 91% of leaflets and leaf drop 31%. Liriomyza cicerina is native to the mediterranean area and was formerly a parasite of ononis species that switched host to chickpea, once this legume crop was introduced from asia to southern europe 2. Bioecological data and importance of damage of chickpea leaf miner liriomyza cicerina, rond in morocco. Agromyzidae is an important pest on chickpea in turkey. Tomato leaf miner chickpea leaf miner serpentine leaf miner vegetable leaf miner american serpentine leaf miner. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Liriomyza huidobrensis, commonly known as the pea leaf miner, is a species of insect, a fly in the family agromyzidae. Opie damage on gerbera mines formed by larvae in the leaves liriomyza trifolii burgess daguilar j. American serpentine and other leaf miners cp plant health australia.
Liriomyza chinensis liriomyza chlamydata liriomyza cicerina liriomyza. Despite, their goodadaptation to arid and semiarid environments, l. We monitored the severity of infestation and damage by l. Agromyzidae resistant but susceptible to fedeficiency chlorosis, was irradiated with 200, 300 and 400 gy gamma rays. Information is given on the geographical distribution in europe, austria, belgium, cyprus, czech. Parasitoids of chickpea leafminer liriomyza cicerina diptera. A field trial was conducted in tomato greenhouse during 2019 2019. Potential for biological control of the vegetable leafminer. Chickpea leaves with mines were weekly sampled from beja and kef sites during 2016 and 2017 and kept to observe and count emerging. A manual of the insects of the hawaiian islands, including enumeration of the species and notes on their origin, distribution, hosts, parasites, etc.
This native leafminer has long been found in the eastern united states and canada, northern south america, and the caribbean. Agromyzidae introduction description and life cycle host plants damage natural enemies management selected references introduction back to top. The test kit is used for fluorescence detection of liriomyza sativae, l. For example, stegmaier 1966 reported 55 hosts from florida, including bean, beet, carrot, celery, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, melon, onion, pea, pepper, potato, squash, and tomato.
Leaf mines made by liriomyza asclepiadis in milkweed leaf. The antioxyding activity of the essential oils and novolatils extracts was evaluated in vitro using four tests. Genes free fulltext cryptic diversity hidden within the. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. It is also known as the serpentine leaf miner, but this name is also used for a closely related species, liriomyza brassicae. Agrophila lioy, 1864 antineura melander, 19 haplomyza hendel, 1914 praspedomyza hendel, 1931 triticomyza blanchard, 1938. Identification and management of pigeonpea and chickpea. Biological aspects of the leafminer liriomyza sativae. Liriomyza sonchi hering, 1927 liriomyza mercurialis hering, 1932a liriomyza citruli rohdendorf, 1950 liriomyza cannabis hendel, 1931. In recent years, as a consequence of climatic changes, the leafminer liriomyza cicerina had emerged as a serious pest in chickpea crops causing considerable damage in tunisia. Compared to other pulses, chickpea has more phosphorus and calcium.
A cosmopolitan pest of south american origin that has spread throughout the world due to trade in cut flowers. American serpentine leafminer liriomyza trifolii burgess. Four new hawaiian liriomyza species and notes on other hawaiian agromyzidae diptera. Pdf yield loss due to leaf miner liriomyza cicerina rondani, 1875 diptera.
Checklists liriomyza in leaf and stem mines of british. The objective of this study was to determine the parasitoids and rates of parasitism ofl. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Liriomyza sativae blanchard 1938 liriomyza huidobrensis blanchard 1926 liriomyza trifolii burgess 1880 liriomyza bryoniae kaltenbach 1858 chromatomyia horticola goureau 1851 august 2009. Orifice through which the larva exits before pupating arrowed. An liriomyza in nahilalakip ha familia nga agromyzidae. Enter the name or part of a name you wish to search for. Specific approval and amendment this standard was developed under the eu diagpro project smt 4. Chickpeas are classified into two distinct types based on seed characteristics. Industry biosecurity plan for the grains industry threat. Agromyzidae are cosmopolitan, polyphagous pests of horticultural plants and many are resistant to insecticides.
Liriomyza trifolii is perhaps best known as a pest of chrysanthemums and celery, but it has a wide host range. Chickpea is often grown under harsh climatic conditions. An anneal curve can then be generated to confirm the product. Description adult liriomyza flies are all small 2 3 mm in length and, from above, are seen to be. Dnabasedidentificationsrevealmultiple introductions of. Dnabasedidentificationsrevealmultiple introductions of the. The aim of this research was to monitor and identify the naturally occurring parasitoids of the chickpea leafminer liriomyza cicerina in insecticide free chickpeagrowing areas located in northwestern tunisia. These include both vegetable crops and plants used in ornamental flower production. Watersoaked pale spots on young leaves which enlarge rapidly under cool, wet conditions and coalesce to cause blighting of leaves. Although originally limited to the new world western hemisphere, it is now.
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